The tdq-60 tr-a picture-naming test to assess anomia in Turkish adults and the elderly: normative data and validation study in alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment

Abstract

Objective: Anomia is defined by difficulty in retrieving content words like nouns and verbs from long-term memory, independent of any impairments related to articulatory movements or motor speech execution. The tools for measuring picture naming, the conventional method for assessing anomia, are very limited in Turkey. The aim of this study was to adapt the Test de Dénomination de Québec—60 images/Quebec picture-naming test—60 pictures (TDQ-60), a color picture-naming test for adults and the elderly into Turkish, establish its validity, and develop normative data adapted to the Turkish population to address this gap. Method: We conducted three separate studies. The objective of Study 1 was to culturally adapt the Test de Dénomination de Québec—60 images. In Study 2, we developed normative data for the TDQ-60 Tr adapted to the adult and elderly population in Turkey based on the performance of 414 community residents aged 18 years and older. In Study 3, the known-group validity, the convergent validity, and the test–retest validity of the TDQ-60 Tr were determined. Results: The results show that the TDQ-60 Tr is reliable in distinguishing participants with Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment from healthy participants. The TDQ-60 Tr measures the same cognitive construct as the Boston Naming Test and also has a high test–retest reliability. Conclusions: In summary, the TDQ-60 Tr is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing naming abilities in adults and the elderly. The results of this study have significant implications for the assessment of naming ability in Turkish-speaking patients. Our work serves as a crucial connection to address the lack of tools for diagnosing anomia in Turkey.