The impact of various breast sizes of women on vertebral column and spinopelvic parameters

Abstract

AIM: To find out the anatomical changes in spine and pelvis, and the impact of various breast sizes of women on the quality of life. MATERIAL and METHODS: Sixty women with back pain volunteered to participate in this study. Their body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Clinical evaluation of the pain was assessed using the Oswestry Disability Index and visual analogue scale. Breast volumes were measured using the Grossman Rounder device. Scoliosis radiograms were obtained, and the cervical lordosis, thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, sacral slope, pelvic incidence and pelvic tilt angles were measured in patients. The relationship between the increasing breast size and BMI was investigated through all these parameters. RESULTS: Increase in breast size positively changes the sagittal balance (r=0.356, p=0.005) and increases cervical lordosis (r=0.300, p=0.020). Increase in BMI leads to a positive sagittal balance (r=0.329, p=0.010) and increases the pelvic tilt (r=0.460, p=0.000). In patients with a positive sagittal balance, the sacral slope (r=-0.350, p=0.006) and the lumbar lordosis angle decrease (r=-0.552, p=0.000), whereas the pelvic tilt increases (r=0.298, p=0.021). CONCLUSION: Macromastia has an impact on cervical lordosis and sagittal balance, while indirectly impacting the pelvic tilt rather than the thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis.