The relationship between BMI, KIDMED score, and nutritional habits of female adolescents: a cross sectional study

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to investigate the relationship between the eating habits of adolescent girls and their KIDMED scores and BMIs. Methods: This cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted with the participation of 391 female adolescents studying in Istanbul. Descriptive information, the consumption frequency of some foods and dietary habits, and the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED) were asked through a face-to-face questionnaire. Results: 19.4% of the adolescents were found overweight and obese, whereas 15.1% were underweight. It was determined that the BMIs of adolescents who think that they have an adequate and balanced diet and who consume salad or raw vegetables more than once a day are significantly lower (p<.05). Adolescents' mean KIDMED score was found 4.42 +/- 2.44; 35.5% had low and 53.8% had moderate KIDMED scores. It was found that the KIDMED scores of the adolescents who consume fruits and vegetables more frequently, never consume chips, consume products such as ready-made cakes/biscuits/wafers less frequently, drink nine glasses of water a day or more, have more meals, do not skip meals, and have breakfast every day are significantly higher (p<.05). No correlation was found between KIDMED and BMI. It was observed that the diet quality of female adolescents was generally at moderate and low levels, but there were no significant differences in BMI values. Conclusion: It has been concluded that to improve the diet quality of adolescents, it is necessary to develop nutrition education, knowledge and habits, and to provide opportunities to reach healthy meal options in schools.