Atypical fibroxanthoma arising on chronic burn scar: A rare case report and the review of the literature

Abstract

Atypical Fibroxanthoma (AFX) is a rare cutaneous mesenchymal neoplasm, predominantly found on sundamaged skin of the head and neck in elderly patients. But uncommonly it can develop on a burn scar with or without actinic damage. Malignancy development is the major complication of severe burns and malignant transformations of those burn scars are accepted as Marjolin’s ulcers clinically. The most common malignancy in this setting is Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC), followed by Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) and Malignant Melanoma (MM). Mesenchymal tumors especially malign forms quite infrequently seen on scar tissue. Herein, we present a rare and unusual case of AFX arising on the non-sun-damaged area within a chronic burn scar of a young patient. Four cases of burn-related AFX reported in the literature are reviewed and the histopathological features anddifferential diagnosis are discussed.